Senior Secondary 2 | Physics

Action steps

1. Construct a device for measuring the temperature of a body

2. Use the variation of pressure of a gas with temperature to measure the temperature of a body

3. Use the variation in the expansion of a solid, liquid or gas with temperature to measure the temperature of a body

4. Use the variation of electrical resistance of a material to measure the temperature of a body

5. Distinguish between heat and temperature and between temperature points and tempera-ture intervals

6. Select those liquids which are suitable for use in liquid-in-glass thermometers from a giv-en list of liquids and their properties

7. State the instrument used for measuring temperature

8. Explain how a device for measuring the temperature of an environment works

9. Describe the absolute scale of temperature and explain the meaning of the absolute zero of temperature

10. Convert a given temperature on the Celsius scale to a temperature on the Kelvin scale.

11. Describe the kinetic molecular model of temperature

Action steps

1. Explain what is meant by the kinetic theory of gases

2. Explain Charles’ and Boyle’s laws of gases using the ideas of the kinetic theory of gases

3. Deduce the general gas law from a given mass of gas which obeys Charles’ law

4. Solve simple problems involving the gas laws

5. Identify and use instruments for measuring pressure

Action steps

1. Generate mechanical waves

2. State the important characteristics of waves

3. Produce circular and plane waves using a ripple tank

4. Generate and demonstrate longitudinal and transverse waves using suitable materials

5. Identify the crest, trough, amplitude, wave length and points in phase on a given sine wave form

6. Derive and use the relationship between wave velocity, frequency and wave length

Action steps

1. Demonstrate the reflection of sound

2. Demonstrate the reflection stationery waves

3. Demonstrate the reflection of heat radiation

4. Demonstrate the refraction of water waves and sound waves

Action steps

1. List some sources of light that you make use of in everyday life

2. Determine the angle of reflection foe a given angle of incidence

3. Draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images by plane and curved mirrors

4. Explain some practical applications of plane and curved mirrors

5. Explain how the direction of light changes as it travels from one medium into the other

6. Measure angles of incidence and refraction and hence deduce a value for the refractive index of a given material

7. Explain the meaning of critical angle and total internal reflection stating the conditions under which they occur

8. Establish the relationship between critical angle and refractive index, and apply it to the solution of simple problems

9. Trace light rays through a triangular prism and obtain graphically the value of the angle of minimum deviation

10. Describe light as an example of an electromagnetic wave

11. Demonstrate the spectrum of white light

12. Describe the spectra of solar energy received by earth

13. Obtain images due to light rays traveling through converging and diverging lenses

14. Use the lens formula to solve numerical problems on lenses

Action steps

1. Produce sound using various vibrating sources

2. Distinguish between noise and music, intensity and loudness, pitch and frequency as ap-plied to sound

3. Explain forced vibration and explain how it is used to amplify a sound

4. Use the relationship v = ƒλ in solving numerical problems

5. Explain the formation of standing waves

6. Demonstrate how to produce standing waves in stretching strings

7. Use a resonance tube to determine the velocity of sound in air

Action steps

1. State the fundamental assumptions of the molecular theory

2. Use the molecular model to explain the pressure in a gas

3. Use the molecular model to explain gas cohesion

4. Use the molecular model to explain gas adhesion

5. Use the molecular model to explain gas diffusion

Action steps

1. Explain the role played by some parts of eye in the formation of an image on the retina

2. Compare and contrast the eye and the camera

3. State the defects of the eye and their causes

4. Identify the type of lenses for correcting the various defects of the eye

Action steps

1. Construct a periscope, box camera, compound microscope, telescope, and film projector

2. Explain the optical principles involved in the snapshot camera, the enlarging camera, and the copying camera

3. Set up a single lens projector and use it to project a film strip on a screen

4. Explain the formation of images by the camera and the projector by tracing rays of light through them

5. Trace the paths of light rays through simple and compound microscopes and telescope

Action steps

1. Classify musical instruments into wind instruments, stringed instruments, and percussion instruments

2. Explain the physical principles involved in the use of wind, string and percussion instru-ments

3. Use the reflection of sound to explain echoes

4. Demonstrate an application of echoes

5. Explain the function of hearing aids

Action steps

1. Draw electric lines of force around a isolated positive charge, an isolated negative charge, and two like charges placed near each other

2. Demonstrate a continuous flow of charges

3. Explain electric current

4. Set up a simple electric circuit

5. Distinguish between conductors and insulators

6. Define resistance as opposition to flow of charges (electrons)

7. Calculate the electrical work done in a given circuit

Action steps

1. Plot the magnetic field around a bar magnet, a straight conductor carrying current, and a solenoid

2. Make a magnet from a soft iron bar

3. Make an electromagnet

4. Describe the working principles of an electric bell and a telephone ear piece

5. Locate the earth’s magnetic north – south direction

6. Explain the magnetic force on a moving charge

7. State the relation between magnetic force and the motion of a charge in a magnetic field

Action steps

1. Calculate the gravitational force between two masses

2. Calculate the gravitational force between two planets

3. Explain the meaning of ‘G’ and show that ‘g’ is the force per unit mass on the earth’s sur-face

4. Relate Kepler’s laws to the motion of the solar system

5. Distinguish between a natural and an artificial satellite

6. Explain how artificial satellites are launched

7. Explain the concept of escape velocity