Grade 11 | English Language Arts

Objective: Cite textual evidence to support analysis

Action steps

1. Demonstrate the behaviors of a strategic reader.

2. Analyze text clues that affect meaning.

3. Analyze relevant denotative, connotative, and figurative language.

4. Analyze and evaluate available evidence for thoroughness, completeness, and relevance.

5. Explain and analyze complexities and ambiguities in a work of literature.

6. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

7. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

8. Apply knowledge of academic vocabulary, including didactic, aphorism, allusion, epistolary, and ornate language.

Objective: Determine two or more themes or central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text

Action steps

1. Objectively summarize a text by including the appropriate details.

2. Analyze ideas, literary techniques, and specific details in a text that develop multiple themes or central ideas.

3. Analyze how multiple themes interact in a text and explain how they clarify and extend meaning.

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabularywhen responding and discussing literature.

6. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Analyze the impact of the author’s choices regarding how to develop and relate elements of a story or drama

Action steps

1. Demonstrate understanding that an author deliberately makes choices that develop thenarrative elements.

2. Analyze and explain how an author’s choices affect the development and interaction of the narrative elements in a specific text.

3. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

4. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

5. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Determine the meaning of words and phrases in a text

Action steps

1. Analyze the meaning, use, and effect of connotations, multiple meanings, colloquialisms, idioms, and figurative language.

2. Analyze and explain how an author uses techniques to establish and maintain a specific literary style and tone.

3. Analyze, explain, and evaluate the cumulative impact of an author’s deliberate manipulation of language (word choice, diction, structure) on meaning, imagery, mood, and tone.

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

6. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

7. Analyze the effect of syntax and the arrangement of phrases and sentences and their relationship to the author’s purpose.

Objective: Analyze how an author’s choices concerning how to structure specific parts of a text contribute to its overall structure and meaning

Action steps

1. Explain, analyze, and evaluate the structural characteristics complex narrative texts and use those characteristics when interpreting texts.

2. Analyze and explain how an author’s deliberate manipulation of the internal structures of a text contributes to its overall structure, meaning, and effect.

3. Analyze the effect of an author’sdecision on where to begin and/or end a story, and choice of a comedic or tragic resolution.

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

6. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Analyze a case in which grasping point of view requires distinguishing what is directly stated in a text from what is really meant

Action steps

1. Analyze and evaluate the appropriateness of a specific tone and/or shift in tone for a particular purpose, character, speaker, or situation.

2. Analyze, and explain the implied meaning of the text.

3. Distinguish among types of irony (e.g., verbal, situational, dramatic).

4. Analyze and evaluate the overall effect of the use of irony and its impact on achieving the author’s purpose.

5. Analyze the characteristics of particular literary subgenres (e.g., satire, farce, sarcasm, understatement, parody, allegory) as they create meaning and achieve the author’s purpose.

6. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

7. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

8. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing generate a specific mood.

Objective: Analyze multiple interpretations of a story, drama, or poem, evaluating how each version interprets the source text

Action steps

1. Demonstrate the behaviors of a strategic reader, listener, or viewer of a variety of literary forms.

2. Compare and contrast significant ideas between multiple interpretations of the source text.

3. Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of an author’s interpretation of themes or central ideas found in different versions of a story, drama, or poem.

4. Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of organization and structure in order to accomplish a purpose in multiple interpretations of a story,drama or poem.

5. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

6. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

7. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking.

Objective: Demonstrate knowledge of foundational works of your country’s literature, including how two or more texts from the same period treat similar themes or topics

Action steps

1. Analyze and explain themes common to specific time periods in American history.

2. Analyze and evaluate the impact of historical and/or cultural experiences on literary themes or topics.

3. Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes or topics by two or more authors of the same time period.

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about literature.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing literature.

6. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text

Action steps

1. Analyze words and phrases that create tone.

2. Demonstrate the behaviors of a strategic reader.

3. Analyze text clues that affect meaning.

4. Analyze relevant denotative, connotative, and figurative language.

5. Evaluate available evidence for thoroughness, completeness, and relevance.

6. Explain and analyze complexities and ambiguities in informational text.

7. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

8. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

Objective: Determine two or more central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text

Action steps

1. Objectively summarize a text by including the appropriate key ideas, issues, and specific details.

2. Analyze how multiple topics, central ideas, and/or claims interact in a text and explain how they clarify and extend meaning.

3. Analyze ideas, issues, rhetoric devices, and specific details in a text that develop multiple topics, central ideas and/or claims.

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

6. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Analyze a complex set of ideas or sequence of events and explain how specific individuals, ideas, or events interact and develop over the course of the text

Action steps

1. Analyze and explain the structure of an informational text and how it contributes to meaning and/or purpose.

2. Analyze, explain, and evaluate the author’s development of complex ideas, concepts, events, and individuals within informational texts.

3. Analyze and explain the interrelationship among complex ideas, concepts, individuals, and sequence of events within informational texts

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

6. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings

Action steps

1. Analyze the meaning, use, and effect of word connotations, multiple meanings, technical vocabulary, and above grade-level words.

2. Analyze the meanings of colloquialisms, idioms, figurative language, and other words and phrases as they are used in context and influence text meaning and tone.

3. Analyze, explain, and evaluate an author’s deliberate manipulation of language (syntax, diction) to create meaning and tone.

4. Trace and analyze the development of a key term(s) over the course of a text.

5. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

6. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

Objective: Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the structure an author uses in his or her exposition or argument

Action steps

1. Analyze and evaluate the effect of the structural characteristics on meaning and/or purpose in an informational text.

2. Describe the structure of an argument; identify its claims and evidence; and evaluate connections among evidence, inferences, and claims.

3. Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of an author’s organization, structure, and syntax as they contribute to a text’s overall meaning, purpose, and effect.

4. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

5. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

Objective: Determine an author’s point of view or purpose in a text in which the rhetoric is particularly effective

Action steps

1. Demonstrate understanding of rhetorical appeals.

2. Analyze the effectiveness of the author’s use of rhetoric and its contribution to meaning, point of view, and/or purpose of the text.

3. Analyze an author’s style and how it contributes to the purpose, meaning, tone, and effectiveness of a text.

4. Analyze how an author manipulates content, rhetoric, and style to achieve a purpose or create an effect.

5. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

6. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

Objective: Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in different media or formats

Action steps

1. Demonstrate the behaviors of a strategic reader, listener, or viewer of print, non-print, and digital text.

2. Analyze print, non-print, and digital text for explicit details that are relevant to addressing a question or solving a problem.

3. Compare, contrast, draw conclusions, and connect significant details and ideas between and among different media or formats.

4. Evaluate information from multiple sources of print, non-print, and digital texts, for relevance, reliability, and validity.

5. Participate actively and appropriately in discussions about informational text.

6. Integrate information from multiple sources of print, non-print, and digital texts to address a question or solve a problem.

7. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

8. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Describe precisely and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text

Action steps

1. Analyze and evaluate connections among evidence, inferences, and claims in an argument.

2. Analyze an author’s implicit and explicit assumptions and beliefs about a subject.

3. Evaluate an author’s reasoning by analyzing the manipulation of language, as well as the range, sufficiency, quality, credibility, relevance, and validity of evidence.

4. Interpret, explain, and apply appropriate academic and/or domain-specific vocabulary when responding and discussing informational text.

5. Use knowledge of language and its conventions when speaking and writing.

Objective: Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence

Action steps

1. Conduct a self-analysis of strengths and weaknesses as writers of argument and adjust the writing process accordingly.

2. Narrow and refine the focus of a grade-appropriate complex topic.

3. Analyze the topic to target information gathering.

4. Generate and develop a well-constructed controlling idea, thesis, or claim that states, refutes, or modifies a position.

5. Choose, apply and maintain an organizational structure appropriate to the writing purpose.

6. Gather reliable and valid information from print and digital sources.

7. Evaluate information to determine sufficiency and relevancy.

8. Analyze the significance of opposing claims while determining which claims best support the argument.

9. Logically sequence and distinguish claims, counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.

Objective: Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each

Action steps

1. Attend to audience knowledge, interest and concern.

2. Use rhetorical appeals effectively.

3. Refute opposing positions and opinions fairly.

Objective: Use words, phrases, and clauses as well as varied syntax to link the major sections of the text and create cohesion

Action steps

1. Manipulate language appropriately and integrate ideas effectively.

2. Use a wide range of academic and domain-specific vocabulary.

3. Use words, phrases, and clauses appropriately and effectively to link the major sections of the text.

4. Vary syntax as needed to create cohesion and clarity.

5. Demonstrate understanding and application of appropriate and complex usage.

6. Use parallel structure.

7. Use a consistent style, tone, and voice.

Objective: Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone

Action steps

1. Integrate quotations and citations into a written text.

2. Manipulate language through varying styles with different levels of formality, tone and purpose.

3. Use and consult print and digital reference materials to clarify precise meaning and correct usage of vocabulary and to aid in vocabulary acquisition.

4. Integrate quotations, paraphrases, and summarizations of source material appropriately and effectively into written text.

5. Use a standard format for citations.

6. Observe hyphenation conventions.

7. Apply the editing phase of the writing process independently. Edit for: spelling, capitalization, and punctuation; subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement;appropriate pronoun usage; complete sentences; and shifts in verb tense.

Objective: Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented

Action steps

1. Write relevant, concise, and effective conclusions.

2. Apply the publishing phase of the writing process independently, using a variety of print, non-print, and digital formats.

Objective: Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately

Action steps

1. Conduct a self-analysis of strengths and weaknesses as a writer of informational/explanatory text and adjust the writing process accordingly.

2. Narrow and refine the focus of a grade-appropriate complex topic.

3. Analyze the topic to target information gathering.

4. Generate and develop a well-constructed introduction that presents the topic, central idea, or concept.

5. Attend to audience’s need by establishing and maintaining an organizational structure where information and ideas build and flow logically.

6. Determine and gather reliable and valid facts, details, examples, and quotations from print, non-print, and digital sources.

7. Evaluate information to determine sufficiency and relevancy.

8. Use appropriate and effective formatting of headings, graphics, and multimedia.

Objective: Develop the topic thoroughly by selecting the most significant and relevant facts, extended definitions, and concrete details

Action steps

1. Attend to audience knowledge, interest, and concern.

2. Develop ideas and concepts through text structures, rhetorical patterns, appropriate strategies, and supporting evidence.

3. Integrate paraphrases and summarizations of source material appropriately and effectively into written text.

4. Integrate quotations and citations appropriately and effectively into a written text.

Objective: Use appropriate and varied transitions and syntax to link the major sections of the text and create cohesion

Action steps

1. Manipulate language, use transitions, and integrate ideas effectively.

2. Vary syntax as needed to create cohesion and clarity.

3. Demonstrate understanding and application of appropriate and complex usage.

4. Observe hyphenation conventions.

5. Use and punctuate phrases and clauses appropriately and effectively to link major sections of the text.

6. Use parallel structure.

7. Use a consistent style, tone, voice, and mood.

Objective: Use precise language, domain specific vocabulary, and techniques such as metaphor, simile, and analogy to manage the complexity of the topic

Action steps

1. Use a wide range of academic and domain-specific vocabulary.

2. Demonstrate a sophisticated use of figurative language and understanding of nuances of meanings of words.

3. Use and consult print and digital reference materials to clarify precise meaning and correct usage of vocabulary and to aid in vocabulary acquisition.

Objective: Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are writing

Action steps

1. Manipulate language through varying styles with different levels of formality, tone and purpose.

2. Integrate quotations, paraphrases, and summarizations of source material appropriately and effectively into written text.

3. Use a standard format for citations.

4. Apply the editing phase of the writing process independently. Edit for: spelling, capitalization, and punctuation; subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement;appropriate pronoun usage; complete sentences; and shifts in verb tense.

Objective: Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented

Action steps

1. Write relevant, concise, and effective conclusions.

2. Apply the publishing phase of the writing process independently, using a variety of print, non-print, and digital formats.

Objective: Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences

Action steps

1. Conduct a self-analysis of strengths and weaknesses as a writer of narrative text and adjust the writing process accordingly.

2. Narrow and refine the focus of a grade-appropriate complex topic.

3. Analyze the topic to target information gathering.

4. Choose, apply, and maintain an organizational structure appropriate to the writing purpose.

5. Develop an engaging introduction that uses effective narrative techniques.

6. Select well-chosen, appropriate, and effective details to create a smooth progression of experiences or events.

Objective: Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences and events

Action steps

1. Write appropriately paced, effective narratives that integrate and develop characters and multiple plot lines.

2. Apply the methods of characterization to effectively support the purpose of the narrative.

3. Develop and sustain an authentic voice that maintains the character or narrator.

4. Use and punctuate dialogue and dialect appropriately.

Objective: Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole

Action steps

1. Sequence, build, and integrate events that effectively support and advance the plot of the narrative.

2. Use words, phrases, and clauses appropriately to build a particular tone and/or mood.

3. Use words, phrases, and clauses effectively to transition and link plot shifts and changes and to build toward a conclusion, resolution, or outcome.

4. Vary syntax as needed to create cohesion and clarity.

5. Demonstrate understanding and application of appropriate and complex usage.

6. Use parallel structure.

7. Use an appropriate style, tone, voice, and/or mood to address a specific audience.

Objective: Use precise words and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, and setting

Action steps

1. Manipulate language, including verbs and sensory description, in order to create precise, realistic and vivid images, plots, settings, and characters.

2. Use a wide range of vocabulary and figurative language to create vivid descriptions and sensory images.

3. Observe hyphenation conventions.

4. Apply the editing phase of the writing process independently. Edit for spelling, capitalization, and punctuation; subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement; appropriate pronoun usage; complete sentences; and shifts in verb tense.

5. Use a wide range of academic and domain-specific vocabulary.

Objective: Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative

Action steps

1. Write a conclusion that maintains, links, follows, reflects and/or resolves the sequence of events, plot lines, and characterization of the narrative.

2. Apply the publishing phase of the writing process independently, using a variety of print, non-print, and digital formats.

Objective: Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question or solve a problem

Action steps

1. Define a problem, formulate questions, and refine either or both meet a personal and/or assigned information need.

2. Identify, locate, evaluate, and select resources and sources in a wide variety of formats to meet the information need in an ethical manner.

3. Find, generate, record, and organize information relevant to the information need in an ethical manner.

4. Interpret recorded data/information to create new understandings, and knowledge related to the information need in an ethical manner.

5. Share findings/conclusions in an appropriate format to support written, oral, and multimedia information products and evaluate the product and the process in an ethical manner.

Objective: Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively

Action steps

1. Find, generate, record, and organize information relevant to the research purpose in an ethical manner.

2. Interpret recorded data/information to create new understandings, and knowledge related to the research purpose in an ethical manner.

3. Share findings/conclusions in an appropriate format to support written, oral, and multimedia information products and evaluate the product and the process in an ethical manner.

Objective: Initiate and participate effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners

Action steps

1. Apply reading strategies and the research process independently.

2. Choose, apply, and maintain an organizational structure appropriate to the purpose.

3. Demonstrate comfort and independence in collaborative groups such as literature circles, fishbowl discussions, and Socratic seminar.

4. Brainstorm and make connections to issues in material under study.

5. Evaluate usefulness, bias, and validity of material under study.

Objective: Work with peers to promote civil, open discussions and decision-making

Action steps

1. Demonstrate independence in decision-making, goal setting, and deadlines.

2. Demonstrate comfort and independence in the participation of collegial discussions.

3. Apply open decision-making independently (e.g., voting, reaching consensus, etc.).

Objective: Propel conversations by posing and responding to questions that probe reasoning and evidence

Action steps

1. Demonstrate comfort and independence with open-ended questions and shared inquiry.

2. Monitor discussions for clarity, relevancy, and dissemination of ideas and information.

3. Elicit participation and opinions, and appropriately challenge ideas.

4. Provide unique, innovative, and visionary perspectives in reasoning and in discussing.

5. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English and usage when speaking.

Objective: Respond thoughtfully to diverse perspectives and synthesize comments, claims, and evidence made on all sides of an issue

Action steps

1. Paraphrase, summarize, justify, and synthesize information and ideas during discussion.

2. Connect with different points of view, remain open-minded, and reassess viewpoints.

3. Understand and use appropriate professional persuasive techniques and conflict- resolution skills.

4. Identify and explain next steps and/or additional research for further investigation.

5. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English and usage when speaking.

Objective: Integrate multiple sources of information presented in diverse media or formats in order to make informed decisions and solve problems

Action steps

1. Demonstrate the behaviors of a strategic reader and listener.

2. Analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the relevance, bias, and validity of multiple sources of information from print and non-print text, noting any discrepancies present in the data.

3. Choose the appropriate form of media for a given purpose.

Objective: Evaluate a speaker’s point of view, reasoning, and use of evidence and rhetoric

Action steps

1. Analyze and evaluate a speaker’s evidence, inferences, assumptions, argument, and rhetoric.

2. Recognize bias, fallacious reasoning, and factual evidence.

3. Recognize, analyze, and evaluate stance, premise, emphasis, word choice, tone and point of view.

Objective: Present information, findings, and supporting evidence, conveying a clear and distinct perspective

Action steps

1. Organize information, ideas, evidence, and claims clearly, concisely, and logically with attention to the needs of the audience, purpose, and a range of formal and informal tasks.

2. Apply appropriate non-verbal communication to contribute to meaning and enhance a presentation.

3. Demonstrate attention to audience interest, values, biases, and concerns by using rhetorical appeals and by acknowledging and/or refuting opposing positions and opinions.

4. Refine the behaviors of an effective speaker as appropriate to the task, audience, and purpose.

5. Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English and usage when speaking.

Objective: Make strategic use of digital media in presentations to enhance understanding of findings

Action steps

1. Demonstrate strategic use of a variety of digital media.

2. Integrate digital media into presentations appropriately to support the purpose; address the audience; and enhance the presentation.

Objective: Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases

Action steps

1. Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence, paragraph, or text; a word’s position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.

2. Identify and correctly use patterns of word changes that indicate different meanings or parts of speech (e.g., conceive, conception, conceivable).

3. Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning, its part of speech, its etymology, or its standard usage.

4. Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary).

Objective: Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings

Action steps

1. Interpret figures of speech (e.g., hyperbole, paradox) in context and analyze their role in the text.

2. Analyze nuances in the meaning of words with similar denotations.

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