Senior Secondary 1 | Chemistry

Action steps

1. Identify chemical industries in your locality

2. Explain how these chemical industries have influenced their lives and national economies especially in Nigeria

3. Describe the environmental problems created by the chemical industries

4. Suggest solutions to solving some of these problems

Action steps

1. Define chemistry

2. List career prospects in chemistry

3. Explain some of the applications of chemistry

4. Describe some of the adverse effect of chemistry

5. Explain how scientists carry out investigation – the scientific method

Action steps

1. Distinguish between atoms and molecules

2. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes

3. Describe how the particles are arranged in the atom

4. Define atomic number: mass number and isotopes

5. Calculate the relative atomic masses of atoms

Action steps

1. State the symbols of the first 20 elements and some of the other common elements

2. Distinguish between elements, compounds and mixtures

3. Write chemical formulae and chemical equations

4. Calculate the difference between the empirical and molecular formulae of some com-pounds

5. Illustrate that matter is neither created nor destroyed

6. State and illustrate the laws of constant composition and multiple proportions

Action steps

1. Identify the first twenty elements of the periodic table

2. Write the electronic configuration of atoms of the first 20 elements

3. Explain the concept of atomic numbers

4. Arrange the elements on the periodic table based on their atomic numbers

5. Differentiate between various types of chemical bonding

6. Name compounds by their conventional and IUPAC names

7. Distinguish between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter

8. Discuss the kinetic theory and its applications

Action steps

1. Demonstrate diffusion of gases

2. State the relationship between rate of diffusion and density of gas/vapor

3. Show how heat affects the volume of a given mass of gas

4. Explain the Kelvin scale of temperature and its relationship to the Celsius scale

5. Explain the effect of pressure on the volume of a gas

6. Show that PV = nRT is the general gas equation

7. Explain the effect of temperature and pressure on a given volume of gas

Action steps

1. State the different standard methods of separating mixtures and their individual applica-tions

2. Manipulate different apparatus for separation techniques

3. Describe separation technique apparatus

4. State the criteria for purity

5. Distinguish between pure and impure substances

Action steps

1. Define acids, bases and salts

2. Identify acids and bases

3. Describe the nature of proton in an aqueous solution

4. Explain neutralization reactions

5. Explain how an acid – base indicator works

6. Use pH as a scale and discuss the importance of the pH value

7. Identify and prepare salts (normal, acidic, basic)

8. State properties of salts

9. State the rules of solubility of salts in water

Action steps

1. State sources of water

2. State the properties of water

3. Describe the laboratory preparation of water

4. Distinguish between soft and hard water

5. Define pollution and list some water pollutants

6. State some of the uses of water

7. Describe the procedure for the laboratory preparation of water

Action steps

1. Identify various substances in and around us that contain carbon

2. Describe the unique characteristics of carbon as an element

3. Explain the relationship between the structure of carbon and the existence of many natu-ral and synthetic carbon containing compounds

4. Infer that a large percentage of world energy needs depend on carbon-containing com-pounds like coal, coke and petroleum

5. Define the term allotrope

6. Show that carbon forms two types of oxides both of which are important economically

7. Identify carbon (IV) oxide

Action steps

1. Arrange common elements into group (families) and periods

2. Distinguish between the families of elements on the periodic table

3. Discuss the changes in the properties of elements down the ground and across periods

4. Discuss the relationship between ionization energy and the properties of elements down the groups and across period

5. Explain the diagonal relationship in the properties of elements

Action steps

1. Identify reactants and products of any chemical reaction

2. Explain the terms reaction time and reaction rate and the relationship between the two

3. Explain collision theory with respect to reaction time and reaction rate

4. Describe the influence of the following on chemical reaction rates: nature of substances; concentration/pressure, temperature and catalysts

5. Explain endothermic and exothermic reactions

6. Illustrate by use of a graph the energy changes in exothermic reactions

7. Write equations for simple equilibrium reaction

8. State Le Chatelier’s principle

9. Explain the influence of the following factors on the equilibrium of chemical reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure

Action steps

1. Explain the concepts of the mole, molar, standard temperature and pressure, relative den-sity and relative molar mass

2. Solve problems involving reacting masses and volumes in chemical reactions

3. State the International System of units of various basic quantities